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Alister Doyle / Reuters
Hans Lindberg, a 56-year-old Swede, points toward an area of reeds that has risen from the Baltic Sea, forming a land bridge to what used to be an island where he spent his summers as a child in the early 1960s.
LULEA, Sweden -- A Stone Age camp that used to be by the shore is now 125 miles from the Baltic Sea. Sheep graze on what was the seabed in the 15th century. And Sweden's port of Lulea risks getting too shallow for ships.
In contrast to worries from the Maldives to Manhattan of storm surges and higher ocean levels caused by climate change, the entire northern part of the Nordic region is rising and, as a result, the Baltic Sea is receding.
"In a way we're lucky," said Lena Bengten, environmental strategist at the Lulea Municipality in Sweden, pointing to damage from superstorm Sandy that killed more than 200 people from Haiti to the United States.
The uplift of almost 0.4 inches a year, one of the highest rates in the world, is part of a continuing geological rebound since the end of the Ice Age removed a vast ice sheet from regions around the Arctic Circle.
As sea levels rise, Kiribati eyes 6,000 acres in Fiji as new home
"It's a bit like a foam-rubber mattress. It takes a while to return to normal after you get up," said Martin Vermeer, a professor of geodesy at Aalto University in Finland. Finland gains 2.7 sq miles a year as the land rises.
In the Lulea region just south of the Arctic Circle, mostly flat with pine forests and where the sea freezes in winter, tracts of land have emerged, leaving some Stone Age, Viking and medieval sites inland.
That puts human settlements gradually out of harm's way from sea flooding, unlike low-lying islands from Tuvalu to Kiribati or cities from New York to Shanghai. Facebook is investing in a new data center in Lulea on land that was once on the seabed.
A recent study published in the journal 'Nature' suggests the U.S. may experience a 5 ft. rise in sea level given all of the fossil fuel that has already been burned. NBC's Anne Thompson reports.
But rising land also means costs. Lulea is planning to deepen its port by 2020 to let in bigger ships and offset land rise at a cost of 1.6 billion Swedish crowns ($237.86 million).
"Even if we didn't have the ambition to have larger ships we would still have to do it on a smaller scale just to compensate for the land rise," said Roger Danell, head of the port.
Alister Doyle / Reuters
A view of the Swedish Baltic Sea port of Lulea Nov. 14, 2012.
Shallower port
Dredging just for existing ships would cost $60.46 million as the water gets shallower at the port that was last deepened in the 1970s, construction manager Jeanette Lestander said. Main exports are iron ore and the main import is coal.
But a projected rise in sea levels due to global warming means dredging to offset land rise for the next 40 years will be slightly less than in the 1970s.
Splits between rich, poor nations persist as climate talks open in Doha
"The rate of sea-level fall will be slowing," Lestander said during a visit to the port. The future sea fall is estimated at 0.28 inches a year from 0.35 inches.
In the north of Sweden, 125 miles inland and 558 feet above current sea level, archaeologists recently found a 10,700 year-old Stone Age hunters' camp near Pajala that was originally by the Ancylus Lake, the forerunner of the Baltic Sea.
"We carbon-dated burnt bones from a fireplace," archaeologist Olof Ostlund at the Norrbottens museum said. The hunters would have been near the retreating ice sheet that was once 1.9 miles thick.
In the past century, as the climate has warmed, sea level rise has accelerated. Scientists predict it will only increase, and they're studying changes in the ocean and land to better understand how and why the water is rising. NBC's Anne Thompson reports for "Changing Planet," produced by NBC Learn in partnership with the National Science Foundation.
Activists hope storm-struck US will deliver at Doha climate talks
Experts examined sediments that showed the camp was on the shore of the former giant lake, briefly isolated from the North Sea by land uplift in the south before breaking through again.
Lulea's old town, with a 15th century church and bright red-painted wooden houses, was originally built on an island for safety when it was as an outpost of the then Swedish-Finnish Kingdom to counter Russian influence near the Arctic Circle.
Now the village is high and dry, out of sight of the sea. Sheep graze on a field in what used to be the port. In one spot, Sweden's coastline has risen about 984 feet since the Ice Age ended about 10,000 years ago.
Water receding after Biblical flood?
The falling water level puzzled people for generations. Some Christians believed it was caused by still-receding waters after the Biblical story of Noah who built an Ark to rescue the world's animals from a God-sent flood.
Elsewhere in the world, many nations are worried by potential costs if sea levels rise in line with scenarios by the U.N. panel of climate scientists for a gain of 7-24 inches this century after 6.7 inches in the last century.
The panel says that rising temperatures, caused by emissions of carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, are the cause.
The U.N. projection excludes the possibility of an acceleration of the melt of Greenland and Antarctica, because that is uncertain.
Even so, many experts expect a quickening thaw and say that sea levels could rise in total by 3.3 feet this century.
Experts say human-produced carbon dioxide is playing a big role in the warming of the atmosphere, which is having a major effect on the world's oceans. Warmer oceans results in rising sea levels and more powerful hurricanes – but reversing the effects of global warming could take decades. NBC's Robert Bazell reports.
Ice melt found across 97 percent of Greenland, satellites show
Near Lulea, local resident Hans Lindberg, 56, looks out of the wooden seaside cabin that his parents built in 1960 toward what was then the island of Kalkholmen a few hundred yards away.
"We could look out from here and only see the sea," he said, pointing to a muddy bank where reeds are growing and linking the island to the mainland. Residents of the former island say they fear the link may bring unwanted visitors -- perhaps burglars.
Alister Doyle / Reuters
Lindberg shows a family photo from the early 1960s of two girls playing in a sandpit that used to be at his parents' summer cottage near Lulea.
"You can walk to the island now. When I was young my father had a heavy boat that we could pull through the shallow part of the channel. That's now impossible," he said.
As evidence of the change, he shows a faded album with a black and white photo of two young girls -- his sister and cousin -- playing in a sandpit in the 1960s by the cabin. It shows an open sea with no sign of the muddy causeway.
More world stories from NBC News:
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- Scientists rush to save manta rays, the 'pandas of the ocean'
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Leave a Comment:
First!
Sorry, I've never done that. I had to get it out of my system. Whew, that's better. So the Swedes are going to be OK as their land will not sink into the rising sea. Good for them. Sucks for us, but good for them.
The business class sees this as just another example of winners and losers. Let's just hope, they can survive when the whole planet falls back into an ice age or some other great catastrophe
Otherwise there will be only losers.
I guess God loves Vikings :D
How much of the rise in ocean levels is due to water displaced by rising land? Conversely we hear of south pacific islands shrinking, in all likelihood due more to geologic forces than melting glaciers.
This whole thing is just so amazing! Wasn't it the Swedes who invented the memory foam mattress?
Memory foam was by NASA.
Much of the sea level rise is due to the expansion of water as it warms, the other major input is melting ice on landmasses, way way down there is change in the volume of ocean basins due to land rising/sinking.
what are the chances that the reason some locations appear to be "rising" while other locations appear to be "sinking" is actually the result of the earth shifting (ever so slightly) on it's axis over time?
my other thought is, is the earth really rising - or is sediment/plant decay - just building up the earths surface?
Louisianna didnt "rise up" - sediment from the river "created" it by depositing at the mouth of the river, over a long long long period of time.
Arsenic; "water EXPANDS when it freezes!" It takes up less space as water.
You ever have burst water pipes in the winter???
Us Swedes invented everything - just try and tell us differently.
I'll pass on any ownership of the Vikings - I never understood why people are so eager to own some past they were no part of, specially when what the ancestors did wasn't very humane. I live in Mexico, I mean Tucson, Arizona, the looks I get from the locals, you would think the Mexican War ended last week - just like Southerners think the Civil War just ended...any excuse to detract from their own failures, I guess.
The article doesn't say what is causing the geological rebound - anyone have an educated guess?
Okay, Hal, below, explains Glacial Rebound. When will the rookies learn that us seasoned vets seldom read past post 1? You want me to read posts on page 37, seriously?
Another article to promote the U.N.'s next World ClimateGate treaty.
BTW: the Nordic land is rising because of tectonic plate movement.
Water also expands when it is heated just like everything else. That's why you are supposed to have a snubber on your hot water line to absorb the increased pressure in the water line caused by hot water expanding.
J.P. - In response to your question of how does this work, the Swedish Tempur-Pedic memory foam has an open-cell structure that returns to its original shape when the weight of the body is removed. Some memory foams now even advertise a "faster recovery advantage" so who knows what this will do to the landscape there, even in our lifetime.
Some people always see the sky falling
Others just want to take what they can while they can
Then there are those that want to live with a patient hand
And those with a little knowledge battle those that know more
The very ones who are to save the world, condemn it and send it to hell
In the midst of these are those that can't lead and won't follow.
Worst of these are those that destroy hope where ever it may spring
Planeguy2 - another person operating in willfull ignorance of scientific fact. Google is your friend Planeguy, since you couldn't be bothered to actually study science.
Ido - the article says the nordic rising in land has been noted as far back as the 1500's (at least). The occupants thought it was the 40 year flood per Noah still receding. What they now believe is that the land has been steadly rising as the ice age has ended and the ice has receded.
Which keeps me wondring what the cause of global warming is? Is it a natural cyclical event (because it has happened before according to geologist) or all man made? If I remeber my history correctly, man was not putting a pollution imprint on the earth (at least not of any signifigance) in the 1500's.
Ido, the only "climategate" there is is the one the Oil Companies and their puppets, the republican party, are creating by denying the scientific fact that the earth is warming and the ice is melting. Their ploy of telling a lie so many times that the easily manipulated (you) begin to believe it is the truth is failing, even the CEO of Exxon admitted that Global Warming was real and the use of his product was causing it. Didn't you get the memo with your new talking points? you can no longer deny it is real or that fossil fuels are causing it, you are now suppose to simply say "Man will adapt". I will have to talk to Roger Ailles about getting those memos out to his trolls faster so they don't look as foolish as you always do, it's kind of heard to keep a quality propaganda program going these days with the quality of trolls the RNC offers up.
somebefuddledperson -
Science is not a one-way street. There can be (and are) multiple causes of changing climate on earth.
For instance, the asteroid that killed the dinosaurs blasted particulate matter way into the stratosphere, where it stayed for years, reflecting a significant amount of sunlight and caused a new ice age. Changing patterns in the Sun's output have also been responsible for changes in our climate. The biggest change in our known planet's history, with regards to climate, would probably be the advent of photosynthesis. This was what allowed the oxygenation of our atmosphere, and removed a considerable amount of CO2 and other carbon compounds from the atmosphere and stored it underground, eventually to become coal (and later, as megafauna arrived to eat the plants, oil).
In other words, there are multiple avenues of attack to change the climate. Sun output, Earth peregrination (slight changes in orbit due to mechanics and rotations), atmospheric makeup, etc. As we've seen the Sun's output going down, and the peregrination is truly cyclical and predictable, the atmospheric makeup appears to be the prime culprit for our warming right now. This is how we determine the signal (signs of climate change due to atmospheric pollution) from the noise (all possible causes of climate change). People didn't just say "Our atmospheric CO2 is much higher now than 60 years ago, therefore man-made climate change). They actually took the time to study it, devised experiments to determine causes and effects, etc. This is what we call science. In other words, it's not all man-made, but this time, the largest portion of it appears to be so.
planeguy2 -
The reason your statement is totally off your rocker is that you have not accounted for the situation properly. Yes, ice expands and takes more volume (for constant mass) than liquid water. However, 2 things. Firstly, ice floats. This is an important statement because it means that a good chunk of even the ice in the oceans is not adding it's full potential volume to the water. Look at ice sheets in Antarctica, glaciers that run off the land into the ocean. Most of their volume is supported above the water. That's just a small portion of the water volume added, though.
There are two other sources for sea level rise. One is the fact that most of the surface ice on Earth is on land, not water. When that ice melts, it's new mass as far as the ocean is concerned, and that means increasing volume. Secondly, water is densest at approximately 4 degC (about 40 degF) because of the nature of the hydrogen bond energy. Once that threshold is reached, water behaves more like other fluids and undergoes expansion and contraction relative to temperature. Increasing warmth in the oceans is causing that water to expand, which is increasing the volume the oceans require to be contained.
This concludes your science lesson for today. If you have any questions, please feel free to OPEN A @!$%#ING BOOK!
Khalid - I think instead of 'God', you might mean Odin or Thor are looking out for their people...you know, like maybe there isn't just one 'God' as your post may make it look.
@Janstince - thank you, perfectly worded.
Also, since the glaciers at the north and south poles compressed the ground at those points, it caused additional bulging around the equator (due to the Earth's spin, there will always be a bulge around the equator but the glaciers enhanced it).
The glacier areas have been rebounding since the end of the last ice age while the areas around the equator are slowly "de-bulging" - that plus rising ocean levels are what is causing equatorial islands to sink.
Many parts of SE, South Central and the Northwest /Coast of Alaska are rising due to the retreat of glaviers during the last 10,000 years. The Bering Sea was once land and the much of the Bering Sea Coast that was unglaciated is eroding due to the cyclic arrival of fall storms just prior to ice formation. Bering sea ice at this part of the climate cylcle is covering records amount of the Bering Sea. Last year broke a 50 yeat maximum ice coverage. The earth is very dynamic and the climate is only one part. Climate shifts are normal ansd unfortunately these changes inflict great damage upon the human species.
BTW, The reason places like this are rising, is something called "glacial rebound". For thousands of years areas in northern latitudes were covered by an unimaginable amount of ice, 3 to 4 km thick in places, which had the effect of compressing the land. Today, it is still in the process of decompressing like a memory-foam mattress. This is also happening in Britain, Canada and the northern United States, but not all areas are rising back up at the same rate, and some areas may be done rising.
Yes, Saw a show about rebound on the great lakes basin. As the surface snows thin each year, the perma frost melts the water flows out of the basin and is not replaced. The weight loss allows the land to recover height. When covered with ice sheets it compressed to lower conditions. The great lakes are draining and becoming shallower because of this. Expect ports to require more dredging in the future.
IReadyou
Hopefully, my hometown on Lake Ontario won't end up looking like a Cornish harbor at low tide...
Interesting one rising from glacier melt that decreases it's weight and adds water to the ocean. Seems to me there is an ignoring of the effect of the moving tectonic plates here. If I recall correctly, the movement of the plates is pushing up at the aforementioned places and down at others. Sure would be something if the changing of the ocean levels is mainly because of the heaving and hoving of plates. Because of the movement that would also make a true measurement of the rise or fall of the ocean nearly impossible to measure.
Just Saying . . . . . . .
That is correct, although at a *much* slower pace. A very tiny amount annually.
Seismic activity in Sweden is not even high enough to cause even a noticeable portion of this rise. You would need very frequent large earthquakes to achieve this; and a plate that is moving on top of another (or an emerging volcano, which is also possible). Also, the Eurasian plate is moving away from the North American plate, not toward it. Moving away causes volcanoes at the seam (Iceland), but not rise of the plate for hundreds of miles.
And sure, the measurement of sea level could be made difficult with all the moving around; but the melting of ice that used to be over land masses is visible (don't even need to measure to notice it). And the shrinking of arctic ice from year to year signals big changes as well.
And they likely still believe it. This is simply more of the atheist agenda to debunk the bible. What? a 10,700 year old hunters camp 125 miles inland! Has to be Satan. I mean if you start to accept science as a soundboard of knowledge you might actually end up believing that climate change is real and that there is no heaven to go to after we ruin this place.
Wait a minute, Sarah Palin says the Earth is only 6,000 years old. You must be wrong!
The earth is going about the changes that have occurred for eons and the hysterics think humankind is pulling the levers. Priceless.
Clear cutting rainforest = levers
Burning over a billion tons of coal each year and millions of automobiles moving each day are levers also. The world will always change over time but the rate of changes we cause is like the changes caused by a cataclysmic asteroid collision.
Think butterfly effect, except the butterfly is millions of times larger...
I don't get it, I just don't. These guys think they can have magic thoughts that can make or break hurricanes (yeah, hasn't happened), but they can't believe that 7 billion people can muck up the environment with consequences unfolding.
I just don't get it.
Sure. Things like Fukushima Daiichi, the 1930's US dust bowl, anoxic death zones in the fisheries of the Gulf of Mexico, desertification of Crete, desertification of Easter Island, cancer uptick, ADD uptick, let alone the PROVEN influence of mankind's use of fossil fuels for 250 years - all perfectly natural - no humans involved there - according to you. Science isn't a Chinese Menu. So if you "believe" in electricity, you should "believe" in anthropogenic global climate change.
A mind is a terrible thing to waste.
Procrustes - well, I think it's more plausible that mankind is having an effect on the way this planet is behaving, more so than an imaginary sky GOD sending devastating floods the likes of which we havent seen since NOAH.
but i'll concede that MUCH of the planets behaviour was probably going to happen this way whether or not we had a hand in it - excluding things like the out of control cancer rates, and all the other neurological diseases that seem extremely prevelant in the last 25 years.
im just not sure why ensuring that rich people stay rich is a better priority than making ourselves healthy and preparing for the inevitable - monster storms like the on that hit NYC - or worse.
those on your side of the aisle no doubt MOSTLY believe the story of Noah and his ark are true.
what do you think is the main point of that story? that noah saved animals - or that he was was PROACTIVE and therefore, able to save them?
care to explain how your side is being proactive about ANYTHING? other than making lots and lots of money? GOD must be so pleased with you and your ilk.
They are saving the earth. Fewer trees = less carbon dioxide.
Denver bill 2- Trees *consume* CO2 and oxygen is the biproduct of their respiration.
I stand corrected.
Not entirely accurate Hal. Plants consume CO2 during photosynthesis, and produce O2 as a byproduct. But photosynthesis can only occur during the day. At night, they consume O2 and produce CO2 at byproduct of their respiration. However, their production of CO2 at night is minimal compared to their consumption during the day.
Hal, Bill, Name
There is another factor to deforestation of the tropics; the release of sequestered CO2. There is a lot of CO2 bound up in the trees, and a lot bound up in the forest litter. Much of this biomass ends up in the atmosphere when the forest is cut. The resulting grasslands dont sequester as much CO2, or respire enough.
While plants do respire CO2, in and out, the goal of the plant is to build biomass, which sequesters CO2 from the atmosphere.
Right guys, tree trunks and branches are made of cellulose. cellulose is a carbohydrate of CHO base. CO2 and H2O are the building blocks of these molecules. When we cut the rain forest and most of it is burned or decomposed by bacteria we release that CO2 and that H20. It has to go somewhere. my guess is CO2 goes into the atmosphere and water eventually goes to the ocean. oil and coal do the same thing, they use O from the air for combustion and produce all that CO2 and H2O. I don't think the generation of water is rising the ocean level, mostly when you think they pump water underground to push the oil up, but that CO2 definitely doesn't go to outer space.
Trees are the only good and cheap way of storing excess CO2 that I can think of. So let's let the forests regrow naturally, to absorb millions of tons of CO2. Yes, plant a tree, and hug it.
heh-heh-heh .... I can't decide if this is some kind of "älternate" sub-theory the climate-change UN gang will try to bring up at the talks to "flesh out" their now pretty weak/pathetic global warming histrionics. They sure are creative -- I love the new "mattress rebound" effect explanation! Folks, give it up, .... all one has to do is study history and LLOOONNNGG-term cycles that even SCIENCE used to explain/accept. The UN elite and Al Gores of the world have investments and strategies which depend on YOU believing the crahp they've been creating/manipulating for years now. ....and good 'ol Al then goes and buys an ocean front mansion in California!! Suhckers!
If you take the time, you can read this paper from the Geodetic Survey Division of Natural Resources in Canada http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/pdf/pgrreportnov2001.pdf. regarding Glacial Rebound, also called Isostatic Rebound. This is an actual thing, my friend. It's measurable from a year to year basis and it leaves a geological record. It's cause is also not in question. It is simple science.
While this is not directly an AGW topic your concerns seem to be directed that way. If the implications of what science tells us is happening is alarming, that is your own problem to deal with ( or not) however you want. If you think that human induced global climate change is acceptable, then by all means, continue with business as usual. We're just letting you know what's happening and why, not how to react. Have a great day!
This paper discusses the geology in question: http://www.geod.nrcan.gc.ca/pdf/pgrreportnov2001.pdf
If you are going to mix absolutely known and measured geologic processes in your spiel against other known science, its pretty clear that you don't really understand much of all.
Here, let me show you.
See, that was easy - I am now a disciple of TermLimitsNow. The rest of the reality-based posters here might want to give it a try. Could use a laugh.
Don't even need science that some dunderheaded thugs of the right can't mentally process anyway. Go to the US Weather site and look at the number of disasters that occurred in a 20-year period. Now...if the dunderheaded dare...go to the DOE site and check out the increase in the drilling and fracking in the same time frame. The two match perfectly. Spew more fossil fuel emissions into the air for 20 years and continue drilling and drilling that is making one state in the US sooooo Big and sooooo Rich and a Whole other Country, it has the 15th largest economy in the world...Not to worry. With secession on their minds, the drilling ends across all other state lines not in their secession league and no more federal funding to keep it the 15th largest economy in the world. Works for us...and won't that $12 billion in tax subsidies we'll save next year from the profits of Big Oil be a windfall for "our" economy?
Go to the Bureau of Vital Statistics and look at how ice ream consumption and deaths by drowning both increase in the summer months. Does that mean that you are more likely to drown if you eat ice cream?
event - what a narrow view you have of the world - all dollars and no sense
Denver bill 2- Very true. Correlation does not imply causation. However, make a prediction based upon a hypothesis then make the observation and see if the observation supports your prediction. If so, you have a theory. Repeat the process to test and refine your theory.
Note that scientific theories never become scientific laws, laws are something else.
Theories try to explain the "Why" something happens. Laws are more of a "How" something happens. The will never be the same.
The global warming guys are gonna crucify this guy. They don't want to talk about cyclical.....as in it has happened before and will happen again. They won't stand for the sea retreating or land rising. That would be their version of quack science to them. Funny thing though, the sea wall just down from my home is within a few inches of where it was when I grew up here......50 some years ago.
You'd like to think that cycles in nature are your idea and, as with other nay-sayers, dispute science with what you see in front of you. The point is not that a cycle of warming is not to be expected, it's the elevated timeline of the warming trend that we are experiencing that is disturbing and worthy of investigation. BTW, there is evidence all around of land rising and oceans receding(another one of YOUR ideas?).
AL GORE??? NUFF SAID!!!!!
Global warming, climate change, mattress bouncing (I mean, "rebound"). You scientists are going to look like alchemists 100 years from now. Actually you look like them right now!
Plate tectonics, coupled with changes in the earth's climate has been going on for millions of years, hundreds of millions of years, so 100 years from now when you're dead, you won't look much different from an alchemist of today, or one from Isaac Newton's time. and they won't look much different from you.
As geological activity transpires, ( earthquakes, volcanoes spewing ash and lava, tsunamis, etc.) changes are made in the earth's surface, which both cause weather (ice ages from volcanic ash ) and change weather patterns, ( The rise of the Himalayas, affecting the deserts of North Africa, which affect the hurricanes in the Atlantic, which are buffered by cold water from Canadian arctic ice, etc.). The Mid Atlantic rift separates North America from Africa and keep them drifting apart, and Los Angeles keeps progressing toward Alaska.
These changes will continue. What's at issue is what to do with the peoples of Bangladesh, or the residents of Fire Island, New York who live close to the areas of flooding, tsunamis, tidal height changes, etc. What is to be done about keeping enough water in the Mississippi River for commercial shipping south of St. Louis, which affects billions in revenue and millions of peoples. If the rains don't come to the American heartland, the Mississippi River won't rise. If the world's population prefers non scientific non technical explanations to these issues of climate and climate changes, I assume their self interest is best achieved by hiding under their bed.
Breeding like common house flies is what is causing global warming! While some of us were being taught to control family size and limit ourselves to only what we could afford, the rest were breeding at a furious rate!
Supplied in most countries with Welfare type existence due to the weakest amongst us attitude. They were free to whelp as many as they could!
Now our planet is heating up! This is happening at the same time as governments are discovering that they can no longer afford to foot the bill for a spiraling birth rate among those that are least productive!
Simply put, the more people you have the more resources they use and the more the planet heats up!
Now the leaders of the world have come together to figure out how to hoodwink the most productive members of society into once again paying for the habits of the least productive!
Viking Ghosts!
Yumpin Yimminy
It seems the earth's climate is continuing to change, as it has since the beginning. Man made warming, hah.
It's happened before and we all know there have never been mass extinctions of species due to climate change ever, so we should just forget about it and move on right? The cause of the changes doesn't matter nearly as much as the changes themselves, people on both sides lose sight of that. If we find out that the changes have absolutely nothing to do with man, great, but the changes are still happening.
In the 1970's it was "global cooling" that was man's fault and about to cause starvation etc., etc. Go check out the writings about it and see if it does not at least give you pause in all this current "expert" reporting.
That's why the term was changed to climate change, genius.
No. no one bought the lie, that's why they changed the name.
Your 70's global cooling was confined to speculation by a few groups, that was picked up by such major scientific publishers such as Popular Science, and Readers Digest, maybe even that stellar scholarly publication Teen Beat.
Go ahead, look it up yourself, because you have never ever looked at the origional articles, have you? I have.
arsenic - so you are debunking the debunker
This is how science works. Faced with the "70's global cooling question" I go to a 1977 chemistry textbook Brown and LeMay "Chemistry - The Central Science", I turn to the same page I read in 1980 on atmospheric chemistry and find this:
"The worldwide combustion of fossil fuels, principally coal and oil, on a prodigious scale in the modern era has materially increased the carbon dioxide level of the atmosphere. From measurements such as those graphed in Figure 10.13 it is clear that the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is steadily increasing. From a knowledge of the infrared absorbing characteristics of CO2 and water, and using a theoretical model for the atmosphere, it has been estimated that if the C02 level were to double from its present level, the average surface temperature of the planet would increase 3°C. "
So, what do we know from reading this tract?
1. Global Cooling was not in mainstream textbooks.
2. Global Warming and Climate Change were feared by scientists in 1977.
3. The predictions made in 1977 are very close to what we see 35 years later.
4. Not only is the science regarding global climate change long standing, it is accurate, it has predicted the future very sucessfully, and the 4-decade long examination of this problem has only become more powerful from the standpoint of observed effects and the power of predictions for our future.
There is a word for non-scientific opinions on science. Speculation.
' much is unknown until it is' quote by character Walter Bishop in Fringe. This expansion of land is not only increasing dry land but also causing the ocean to rise. To please climate change people should we create a massive dig and move dirt inland, or possible to island nations 8000 miles away, to return that part of the coast to its lower elevation above sea level?
Some 'scientists' theorize that the rise of land masses near the poles will somehow cause the earth to tilt over on its side and the poles will somehow move to the equator. That will mean the markets will be flooded with cold weather clothing and many poor people in Equador and the Sahara regions of North Africa will freeze to death as the climate changes. Congress wants to be in a safe place -- like the Moon -- to watch that all happen. Donald Trump is desperately trying to buy the South Pole to put in a golf course resort, and Brazil is planning its first ever ski area.
Cite that. Or admit that you made it up.
First if the land was rising wouldn't there be earth quakes? Maybe the water level is declining.
Pesonally I think the Sky is Falling.
Finally an intelligent diagnosis!!! LOL
More like memory foam which takes a long long time to rise back to it's original shape. Canada is also rising in places and Greenland stands to rise hundreds of feet when it's ice caps melt. That should be interesting but none of us will be around to witness it! Well, maybe a few Lycans and Vampires....
Change is natural. Trying to prevent change is unnatural.
Whatever happens because of man is natural because man is part of nature.
Get used to change. It's natural.
Instead of moaning and fussing to prevent the inevitable -- embrace it and enjoy the changes.
I see the lie has been repeated enough times for everyone to just accept it. Has anyone bothered to look at the temperatures the last 10 years, it's not increasing. Here's a hint, go look at the water temperature of Fiji, there has been absolutely no water temperature rise in well over 10 years. If Global warming was actually occurring the water would have to increase in temperature as well. But, according to the useful idiots I'm crazy, it's Bush's fault and I'm a racist.
KEEP THE IGNORANCE ALIVE, ACCEPT THE PROPAGANDA AS TRUTH AND QUESTION NOTHING!!!!
There is a hockey stick in the global temperature average.
The ocean temeperatures are rising.
Fiji isn't the only place in the world.
I question your veracity on anything, based on the three facts I just posted. Willfull ignorance is Ridgelon.
I couldn't let this one go. If you base all your views on the water temperature in Fiji, then yes, you are crazy.
The reason why the water hasn't risen in Fiji, is because everyone is drinking their bottled water.
"There is a hockey stick in the global temperature average." you left out "disproven due to falsified data"
Fiji is just one example morons, of course you wont go find things out for yourselves. Keep lapping up the propaganda, you'll wake up the day after it's too late.
So this phenomenon completely debunks global warming just as solar flares do. hahhaaaaa
How so? Smear us with your wisdom oh Lord of Fox News.
Glacier rebound. What propaganda from the hell-bound scientists who bring you global warming and evolution. It's obvious that God loves socialists.
All this nonsense about what "man" is causing is based in public education indoctrination, teaching children about how bad mankind is with regard to indians, blacks and look at the environment "they" have destroyed.
They debunk christianity and god while making the earth the new god to worship.
It's based on learning and investigation. Poignantly absent from religion.
You are right, Arsenic, about NASA developing memory foam, but where did they get their idea? I'll still go with the Swedes on this and it explains a lot about what we are witnessing now. Swedish Tempur-Pedic memory foam is a polyurethane product with an open-cell structure that returns to its original shape when the weight of the body is removed. Some memory foams now even advertise a "faster recovery advantage" so who knows what this will do to the landscape there, even in our lifetime. What an amazing product!
Boy, you guys sure seem to have liked my "memory foam" analogy. It's like teaching a bunch of school kids about Lake Titicaca . *snicker snicker*
Cowa Bunga!! You mean all this happened before? I just can't believe it.
Of course the earth is warming, it has been ever since the last ice age 10,000 years ago. I guess the Vikings must have been roasting too many pigs.
And left a bunch of self rising flour and yeast laying around?
Here is another interesting fact: Every time the land rises in one part of the world, the ocean rises in another part. We better get some lawyers on this right away. I bet if they try hard enough, they will be able to connect fracking in NY and TX to land rising in the Nordic.